Turkiye
Background
Turkiye has a current national plan.
The Presidency of Migration Management is responsible for activities relating to human trafficking via the Department of Protection of Victims of Human Trafficking.
The national plan sets out that The Presidency of Migration Management coordinates and cooperates with the Counter Smuggling of Migrants and Border Gates Department of the National Police, the Department of Countering Smuggling and Human Trafficking of the General Command of Gendarmerie, the Ministry of Justice, the Ministry of Labour and Social Security and the Ministry of Family and Social Services.
There are annual reports published by the Department of Protection of Victims of Human Trafficking. The last annual report was for 2022.
The Presidency of Migration Management publishes statistics on their website, currently limited to the number of victims per year.
Turkiye has a set of arrangements that constitute a type of national referral mechanism. This arrangement is initiated by a number of hotlines, such as YIMER - The Communication Centre for Foreigners, however these cover a wide range of issues. It is unclear how well the call referrals are coordinated and the nature of the outcomes.
Supply chains are highly complex and diverse across a wide range of countries.
Criminal enforcement against corporations benefiting from exploitation in supply chains is very limited.
MASAK - The Financial Crimes Investigation Board published an annual report in 2024 but there is no indication of work in relation to monies from exploitation.
The issue of human trafficking is tightly bound to the challenges of human smuggling and immigration. Only a small number of human trafficking victims have been identified compared to victims of human smuggling - in 2024 there were 179 victims of human trafficking and 225,831 irregular migrants detained by the government.
The budgets for dedicated funding are not publicly available for accessible. We would be grateful to speak to officers from the The Presidency of Migration Management to understand further details.
Other Key Factors
Turkiye is a major transit point between the three continents via a single land mass. According to Presidency of Migration Management statistics 47,699,715 people entered and exited Turkiye in 2023.
Freedom of association is lawful and active but concerns have been expressed by NGOs about the ongoing status.
There is very limited data on wage theft in Turkiye.
Turkiye is the recipient to EU funding to manage migration.
To understand Turkiye’s situation more fully, we show the percentage of the population using the internet in Turkiye, along with the highest usage and lowest usage countries amongst the G20 members (Saudi Arabia and India).
Turkiye’s remittances are also shown with the respective highest and lowest inflow remittance countries in the G20 (India/Saudi Arabia) and the highest and lowest outflow countries in the G20 (US/Philippines). Keep in mind that remittance estimates are often an under count of actual remittance volume.(Graph unit is in Billion US$)
Turkiye’s Role in the Global Economy and Its Supply Chains
Trade flows from The Observatory of Economic Complexity